The course describes the mineral processing circuits as a system based on combining the fundamental unit operations. The following formulas were developed during a long association not only with design and construction, but also with the operation of ore dressing plants. Therefore, this study will focus on the method for increasing the manganese fraction in low grade manganese ore by utilizing one. This knowledge is necessary when a flow sheet is being designed and is also essential when making studies of operating plants. Mass balance calculations around mineral processing units. Mod01 lec04 lecture 04 mineral benefication techniques. The process design of gold leaching and carboninpulp.
Material balances for processes involving reaction. Geometallurgy, comminution, sizing, classification in air and water, gravity concentration, flotation. Mineral, renewable and secondary raw material processing current engineering challenges. Lesson 2 circuit mass balancing mining mill operator. Mineral processing plant design university of technology. The process design of gold leaching and carbon in pulp circuits 14 januaryfebruary 1999 the journal of the south african institute of mining and metallurgy figure 2the carbon in pulp cip process figure 1computeraided process engineering cape. Mineral processing plant design general procedure for plant design o process design. They are used in industry to calculate mass flow rates of different streams entering or leaving chemical or physical processes. Metallurgical accounting formulas concentration and. Thus, material balances are often compared to the balancing of current accounts. Materials and energy balance covers the basic chemical principles that relate thermodynamics to chemical metallurgy the goal of a metallurgical engineer is to keep a metallurgical production process running as efficiently as possible charge calculations, fuel calculations and estimation of the product yield are primary.
In order to be trained on using a systematic procedure to solve material balance problems, you are advised to. Be sure to read carefully through all the examples in this chapter. Pdf this presentation outlines the mining, mineral processing and extractive metallurgy. Models in mineral processing have been difficult to develop because of the complexity of the unit operations that are used in virtually all mineral recovery systems. Preamble an important aspect of any mineral processing study is an analysis of how material is distributed whenever streams split and combine. Mining and mineral processing full notes ebook free download pdf this list does not include every environmental regulation that potentiallyapplies to these two sectors, but only the major regulations. The cycling of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to land and back to the ocean via rivers is such an example.
Materials and energy balance in metallurgical processes by prof. Mineral dressing orebeneficiation the first process most ores undergo after they leave the mine is mineral dressing processing, also called ore preparation, milling, and ore dressing or ore beneficiation. The more details you give on your situation, the better we can help you. Many other steps in the mining process are identified in the vision but are not addressed in this document.
Depending on the operations at any particular mining or mineral processing facility. If it is not possible to apply heat direct to the material to be dried, rotary dryers of the indirect heating design can be furnished so that the heated gases will not come in direct contact with the material. At some metallic mineral processing plants, material is stored in enclosed bins between process operations. Basic principles and calculations in chemical engineering. Materials balance in mineral processing and faq video. The general principle of material balance calculations is to put and. Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an. Procedure for material balance calculations in material balance problems, you will usually be given a description of a process, the values of several process variables, and a list of quantities to be determined. Mod01 lec10 introduction to mineral beneficiation youtube. Cbe2124, levicky 1 chapter 4 material balances note. The goal is to produce granular material which meets a specific set of requirements in terms of material composition and physical characteristics especially granulation. Securing supply chains, materials and technologies.
Ore is an aggregate of minerals and contains valuable and gangue minerals. Regeneration is carried out in a steam atmosphere to minimize carbon degradation due to oxidation. In this work, a complete procedure based on image analysis and stereology is proposed for the. Chief among these difficulties is the fact that the feed material is invariably a particulate solid. Materials balance in iron making introduction illustration key words. Ore dressing is a process of mechanically separating the grains of ore minerals from the gangue minerals, to produce a concentrate. Materials balance in mineral processing and faq video lecture. Ii mineral comminution and separation systems toshio inoue encyclopedia of life support systems eolss discussion is also extended to the treatment of the solid wastes and wastewater occurring from the mineral processing plants, and also to the environmental problems associated. Offers 35 free metallurgy tutorials, exercises and examples for students in mineral processing of future metallurgist. This section provides a list of importantenvironmental regulations and supporting documents that may apply to the gold and copper mining and mineral processing industries.
The particles with attached air bubbles are then carried to. Cain and paterson 1986 find a significant materials using bias in technological change in nine of. Allowance for material change in business z automatic download of new versions. Material balance in froth flotation using microsoft excel solver. Mass balancing and data reconciliation mass balancing is a common practice in metallurgy. Ratio of concentration can be thought of as the number of tons of feed required to produce 1 ton of concentrate. Principles of extractive metallurgy rakes h kumar email. The key concepts are best learned by problem solving. Set up of material balance problems in mineral processing unit operations, set up and illustration of energy balances in various unit processes like calcinations, sintering, roasting, smelting, converting, refining, gasification, carbonization, case studies.
The mineral is physically separated from the remaining pulp material and is removed for further processing. Material balance, ball mill, hydro cyclone, flotation. This list does not include every environmental regulation that potentiallyapplies to these two sectors, but only the major regulations. Mass balance the cornerstone of chemical oceanography the chemical distributions on the earth and in the ocean reflect transport and transformation processes, many of which are cyclic. The purpose of a material balancing is to mathematically examine the known flow parameters to solve for the unknown flow parameters. In mineral processing, the flow is the pulp which is a suspension of particles in water. In many mineral processing applications, the focus is to maintain maximum. This energy is required to cause grinding of the material in the mill.
Lecture 6 mass balance questions and answers 1 only one of the following is the essential approximation made when assuming steady state. The oxygen in mineral processing plays an important role in extractions of minerals from ares such as gold and silver processing. A typical set of data which can be processed by the proposed method contains flowrates measurement, particlesize analyses, global chemical analyses and, simultaneously, chemical analyses within particlesize classes. The air bubble and mineral particle rise through the pulp to the surface of the froth or foam that is present on the flotation cell. Of the different types of dryers that there are the most common is the rotary drum dryerkiln, this type of drier is common not only in the mining industry but you will find them in fertilizer plants, cement plants, and peat hogs to name but a few the theories behind these machines are very simple, heat an air space up, and then tumble the material to be dried through this space until it is. Mod01 lec11 materials balance in mineral processing and. Energy balance of a reheating furnace, rotary kiln,etc, integration of energy balance. The mass balance of a circuit is needed for several reasons.
Ironmaking, reduction of iron oxide, material balance introduction the blast furnace is essentially a continuous counter. Mod01 lec 11 materials balance in mineral processing and faq. Water and energy balances in mineral processing plants osvaldo bascur and ales soudek. Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body.
Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. Mineral processing is the first step in the solid mineral extractive process. Materials and energy balance online course video lectures. Material balance in mineral processing contents nptel,in this lecture. Dont need to grind in moving bed related processing i. Mod01 lec12 exercises in mineral processing youtube. The process design of gold leaching and carboninpulp circuits contaminants. The tumbling action is difficult to describe accurately but certain regions in the mill can be characterized in terms of the basic pattern of motion of material in the mill. Lecture 11 clay minerals powerpoint ppt presentation lecture 10. Even though the air bubbles often break at this point, the mineral remains on the surface of the froth. These are removed by thermal regeneration of the eluted carbon, typically in a rotary kiln at temperatures of 650750c. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left.
Material in process often cannot be weighed without a disturbance of continuity. Mining and mineral processing full notes ebook free. An introduction, second edition, helps further understanding of the various methods commonly used in mineral beneficiation and concentration processes. The ratio, k, for a separation can be obtained directly from the product weights or from the product assays if the weights are not known. Preamble materials and heat balance of metal extraction processes constitute a very important exercise to know the flow of materials and energy and to identify the amount of wastes produced and energy consumed.
In this lecture basics of material balance in mineral processing is discussed. These will all be scheduled in weeks 7 and 12, on mondays, and tuesdays in the semester 2. Microsoft word introduction to minerals processing full course notes. Introduction to mineral processing chevron phillips chemical. Course minerals processing, advanced course tgb4300 ntnu. Local labor costs often dictate what material can be best used economically in a. Mineral processing has a long history well covered in a publication by habashi 18 which points out bthe ancient egyptians knew already that it would be easier to melt an earth rich in gold. Mining and mineral processing full notes ebook free download pdf.
The basic principles of scaling and projecting circuits are adressed. The shape and dimensions of the lifters control the tumbling action of the media. The mineral beneficiation involves separation of gangue minerals from ore. Lecture notes materials processing materials science and. Lecture notes materials processing materials science. Secondary data calculations based on mass balance around the equipment must then be shown.
As your strategic partner or independent technical consultant, we can help you improve your existing met accounting system, or establish a completely new. Mineral processing design and operations 2nd edition. Mod01 lec01 introduction physics of materials duration. Metallic and nonmetallic ores, coals, and secondary resources. Material balance in mineral processing contents nptel. These formulas are here in the hope that they would prove of value to others in the ore dressing industry. The students should know the principles for designing mineral processing circuits, as well as the basic principles for dimensioning and scaling.
The process design of gold leaching and carboninpulp circuits. Practical integrated metallurgical accounting solutions for. The liberation phenomenon is of paramount importance in mineral processing science. Two main types of material balances are commonly made.
Apr 04, 2012 materials and energy balance in metallurgical processes by prof. Practical integrated metallurgical accounting solutions. Intro to minerals proc notes lecture 1 welcome lecture 2 ore preparation crushing. Mod01 lec11 materials balance in mineral processing and faq. Sgs minerals services t3 sgs 905 0920 optimizing your metallurgical processing operation sgs is a global technical leader in the field of metallurgical accounting.
For a flotation circuit, material balance calculations define an engineering problem where flow parameters between unit operations are partly known. This paper proposes an extension to an already available mass balance algorithm for mineral processing data. The flowchart is fully labeled if the composition and flowrate or amount of each process stream can be expressed in terms of the labeled quantities. Leave your phone number if you would like us to call you.
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